National Roadmap to Ending Utility Shutoffs
Millions of households across the United States experience utility shutoffs each year due to nonpayment, disproportionately impacting Black, Brown, Indigenous, and frontline environmental justice communities. Despite the fundamental need for electricity, gas, and water for survival, investor-owned utilities (IOUs) prioritize profit over people, often operating in opaque regulatory environments. Electric utility companies have disconnected U.S. households more than 5.7 million times between 2020 and 2022 while shelling out billions to shareholders and top executives. The Center for Biological Diversity's Powerlessin the US report found in 2022 that electricity and gas disconnections jumped compared to the year before, led by fossil fuel price volatility, which hurt households of color in particular. Utilities in Illinois, Pennsylvania, Georgia, Michigan, Ohio, and Missouri were responsible for about two-thirds of the more than 1.5 million shutoffs documented nationwide in 2022 (Center for Biological Diversity, 2023). Energy insecurity is a multi-dimensional crisis affecting vulnerable populations across the United States. It exacerbates health disparities, with shutoffs linked to several health conditions ranging from asthma to mental illnesses (Hernández, 2016). Utilities use strategic and extractive tactics such as media manipulation, regulatory capture, and rate hikes to suppress consumer protections (Rivera et al., 2022). The consequences of utility shutoffs are severe as households without power struggle to maintain employment, access healthcare, and keep their children in school. Moreover, the lack of transparent data on disconnections obscures the full extent of the crisis, hindering the development of regulatory and legislative solutions. As energy poverty continues to persist, we investigated this problem. Our goal is to identify ways to work toward equity through multiple stakeholder perspectives. The Energy Equity Project aims to develop a National Roadmap to Ending Utility Shutoffs by identifying the harms associated with shutoffs, evaluating best practices for mitigating them, and providing strategic recommendations for energy justice advocates, policymakers, and regulators. To achieve this, we conducted qualitative data analysis of interviews we conducted with community advocates, academic researchers, policymakers, and utility professionals. This project delivers a set of policy recommendations that advocates and policymakers can take to achieve shutoff moratoria and a literature review analyzing the extent and harm of utility shutoffs and disparities across demographics, to inform and mobilize stakeholders toward eliminating utility shutoffs.
Zoë Bishop (EJ)
John Blake (EJ,EPP)
Melissa Lewis (BEC)
Bibi Macias (EJ)