Greening and afforestation of metropolitan areas (MAs) is an effective nature-based solution (NbS) for mitigating climate change through increasing the terrestrial carbon sink. Our proposed project recognizes and addresses the critical need for careful design of greening solutions that consider the evolving climate dynamics of extreme events and the potential impacts of greening on public health.

Figure 1. Conceptual framework depicting the interactions between urban greening, climate change mitigation, adaptation, and disease buffering. The links (a, b, c, and d) in the causal diagram represent the key research questions in this proposed project that pertain to quantifying the fundamental relationships between greening, carbon sequestration, and other co-benefits for flooding, heat, air pollution, and health.

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